TY - JOUR
T1 - Calpain activity increases in hepatocytes following addition of ATP
T2 - Demonstration by a novel fluorescent approach
AU - Rosser, Barry G.
AU - Powers, Stephen P.
AU - Gores, Gregory J.
PY - 1993/11/5
Y1 - 1993/11/5
N2 - Our aim was to measure calpain protease activity during increases in cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+i) after addition of extracellular ATP. The calpain protease substrate t-butoxycarbonyl-Leu-Met-7-amino-4-chloromethylcoumarin was synthesized. Nonfluorescent t-butoxycarbonyl-Leu-Met-7-amino-4-chloromethylcoumarin diffuses into the cell where it is conjugated to glutathione forming t-butoxycarbonyl-Leu-Met-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin glutathione conjugate (Boc-Leu-Met-MAC-SG). The nonfluorescent, membrane impermeant Boc-Leu-Met-MAC-SG accumulates in the cell. Intracellular proteolytic hydrolysis of Boc-Leu-Met-MAC-SG releases and unquenches the fluorescence of MAC-SG. Intracellular fluorescence of MAC-SG was quantitated in single, cultured rat hepatocytes using digitized video fluorescent microscopy. Enhancement of intracellular fluorescence generation by increases in Ca2+i- and inhibition by a calpain inhibitor indicated the probe was a calpain substrate. After addition of ATP, calpain protease activity increased to 156 ± 13% of basal concurrent with a 3-fold rise of Ca2+i for 2-4 min. Thereafter, Ca2+, decreased to values of 1.5-fold above basal and protease activity returned to normal. Incubation of cells in Ca2+-free buffer abolished the rise in Ca2+, and calpain protease activity. Calpain protease activity increases concomitantly with increases of Ca2+i supporting the hypothesis that calpain proteases participate in Ca2+-mediated signal transduction.
AB - Our aim was to measure calpain protease activity during increases in cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+i) after addition of extracellular ATP. The calpain protease substrate t-butoxycarbonyl-Leu-Met-7-amino-4-chloromethylcoumarin was synthesized. Nonfluorescent t-butoxycarbonyl-Leu-Met-7-amino-4-chloromethylcoumarin diffuses into the cell where it is conjugated to glutathione forming t-butoxycarbonyl-Leu-Met-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin glutathione conjugate (Boc-Leu-Met-MAC-SG). The nonfluorescent, membrane impermeant Boc-Leu-Met-MAC-SG accumulates in the cell. Intracellular proteolytic hydrolysis of Boc-Leu-Met-MAC-SG releases and unquenches the fluorescence of MAC-SG. Intracellular fluorescence of MAC-SG was quantitated in single, cultured rat hepatocytes using digitized video fluorescent microscopy. Enhancement of intracellular fluorescence generation by increases in Ca2+i- and inhibition by a calpain inhibitor indicated the probe was a calpain substrate. After addition of ATP, calpain protease activity increased to 156 ± 13% of basal concurrent with a 3-fold rise of Ca2+i for 2-4 min. Thereafter, Ca2+, decreased to values of 1.5-fold above basal and protease activity returned to normal. Incubation of cells in Ca2+-free buffer abolished the rise in Ca2+, and calpain protease activity. Calpain protease activity increases concomitantly with increases of Ca2+i supporting the hypothesis that calpain proteases participate in Ca2+-mediated signal transduction.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 8226886
AN - SCOPUS:0027381394
SN - 0021-9258
VL - 268
SP - 23593
EP - 23600
JO - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry
IS - 31
ER -