TY - JOUR
T1 - ZIP4 is a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker in human pancreatic cancer
T2 - A systemic comparison between eus-fna and surgical specimens
AU - Xu, C.
AU - Wallace, M. B.
AU - Yang, J.
AU - Jiang, L.
AU - Zhai, Q.
AU - Zhang, Y.
AU - Hong, C.
AU - Chen, Y.
AU - Frank, T. S.
AU - Stauffer, J. A.
AU - Asbun, H. J.
AU - Raimondo, M.
AU - Woodward, T. A.
AU - Li, Z.
AU - Guha, S.
AU - Zheng, L.
AU - Li, M.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Aberrant expression of a zinc transporter ZIP4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been shown to contribute to tumor progression and is a potential target for individualized therapy. The overall objective of this study was to determine whether ZIP4 could serve as a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker in human PDAC, and if it can be assessed by minimally invasive sampling using endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Immunohistochemistry was performed to compare ZIP4 expression in the PDAC samples obtained from EUS-FNA and matched surgical tumors (parallel control). Samples were reported by sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, all with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 23 cases with both FNA and surgical specimens were evaluated. We found that ZIP4 was significantly overexpressed in tumor cells from both sets of samples. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of ZIP4 for the diagnosis of PDAC were 72.9%, 72.5%, 76.1%, and 69.0% in EUS-FNA samples, and were 97.9%, 65.4%, 83.9%, and 94.4% in surgical specimens, respectively. The association between the positive rate of ZIP4 expression in FNA and surgical samples is statistically significant (P=0.0216). Both the intensity and percentage of ZIP4 positive cells from the surgical samples correlated significantly with tumor stage (P=0.0025 and P=0.0002). ZIP4 intensity level in FNA samples was significantly associated with tumor differentiation and patient survival. These results indicate that EUS-FNA is capable of non-operative detection of ZIP4, thus offering the potential to direct pre-operative detection and targeted therapy of PDAC.
AB - Aberrant expression of a zinc transporter ZIP4 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been shown to contribute to tumor progression and is a potential target for individualized therapy. The overall objective of this study was to determine whether ZIP4 could serve as a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker in human PDAC, and if it can be assessed by minimally invasive sampling using endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Immunohistochemistry was performed to compare ZIP4 expression in the PDAC samples obtained from EUS-FNA and matched surgical tumors (parallel control). Samples were reported by sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, all with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A total of 23 cases with both FNA and surgical specimens were evaluated. We found that ZIP4 was significantly overexpressed in tumor cells from both sets of samples. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of ZIP4 for the diagnosis of PDAC were 72.9%, 72.5%, 76.1%, and 69.0% in EUS-FNA samples, and were 97.9%, 65.4%, 83.9%, and 94.4% in surgical specimens, respectively. The association between the positive rate of ZIP4 expression in FNA and surgical samples is statistically significant (P=0.0216). Both the intensity and percentage of ZIP4 positive cells from the surgical samples correlated significantly with tumor stage (P=0.0025 and P=0.0002). ZIP4 intensity level in FNA samples was significantly associated with tumor differentiation and patient survival. These results indicate that EUS-FNA is capable of non-operative detection of ZIP4, thus offering the potential to direct pre-operative detection and targeted therapy of PDAC.
KW - Pancreatic cancer
KW - Prediction
KW - Prognosis
KW - Survival
KW - ZIP4
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84897448596&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84897448596&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2174/1566524013666131217112921
DO - 10.2174/1566524013666131217112921
M3 - Article
C2 - 24345208
AN - SCOPUS:84897448596
SN - 1566-5240
VL - 14
SP - 309
EP - 315
JO - Current Molecular Medicine
JF - Current Molecular Medicine
IS - 3
ER -