@article{9773ad694e3844129a355039699160f0,
title = "White matter hyperintensities in former American football players",
abstract = "Introduction: The presentation, risk factors, and etiologies of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in people exposed to repetitive head impacts are unknown. We examined the burden and distribution of WMH, and their association with years of play, age of first exposure, and clinical function in former American football players. Methods: A total of 149 former football players and 53 asymptomatic unexposed participants (all men, 45–74 years) completed fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging, neuropsychological testing, and self-report neuropsychiatric measures. Lesion Segmentation Toolbox estimated WMH. Analyses were performed in the total sample and stratified by age 60. Results: In older but not younger participants, former football players had greater total, frontal, temporal, and parietal log-WMH compared to asymptomatic unexposed men. In older but not younger former football players, greater log-WMH was associated with younger age of first exposure to football and worse executive function. Discussion: In older former football players, WMH may have unique presentations, risk factors, and etiologies. Highlights: Older but not younger former football players had greater total, frontal, temporal, and parietal lobe white matter hyperintensities (WMH) compared to same-age asymptomatic unexposed men. Younger age of first exposure to football was associated with greater WMH in older but not younger former American football players. In former football players, greater WMH was associated with worse executive function and verbal memory.",
keywords = "aging, cerebrovascular disease, concussion, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, football, microvascular disease, neurodegenerative disease, repetitive head impacts, subconcussion, white matter hyperintensities, white matter injury",
author = "{for the DIAGNOSE CTE Research Project} and Alosco, {Michael L.} and Yorghos Tripodis and Baucom, {Zachary H.} and Adler, {Charles H.} and Balcer, {Laura J.} and Charles Bernick and Mariani, {Megan L.} and Rhoda Au and Banks, {Sarah J.} and Barr, {William B.} and Wethe, {Jennifer V.} and Cantu, {Robert C.} and Coleman, {Michael J.} and Dodick, {David W.} and McClean, {Michael D.} and McKee, {Ann C.} and Jesse Mez and Palmisano, {Joseph N.} and Brett Martin and Kaitlin Hartlage and Lin, {Alexander P.} and Koerte, {Inga K.} and Cummings, {Jeffrey L.} and Reiman, {Eric M.} and Stern, {Robert A.} and Shenton, {Martha E.} and Sylvain Bouix",
note = "Funding Information: C.H.A. consulted for Avion, CND Life Sciences, Jazz, and Precon Health. L.J.B. is Editor‐in‐Chief of the , and is a paid consultant to Biogen (Cambridge, MA, USA). C.B. receives research support from the Ultimate Fighting Championship, Top Rank promotions, Haymon Boxing, Las Vegas Raiders, and Professional Bull Riders. He is a paid consultant for Aurora Concussion Therapy Systems, Inc. (St. Paul, MN). R.A. is a paid consultant to Biogen (Cambridge, MA, USA) and serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of Signant Health (Blue Bell, PA). W.B.B. provides expert witness testimony in legal cases involving concussion and CTE. R.C.C. is a Senior Advisor to the NFL Head Neck & Spine Committee; Vice President, National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment; and Chair, Scientific Advisory Committee, Co‐Founder, and Medical Director, Concussion Legacy Foundation. He is a member of the Medical Science Committee for the National Collegiate Athletic Association Student‐Athlete Concussion Injury Litigation, and he receives royalties for published books from Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. D.W.D. reports the following conflicts within the past 12 months: consulting—Amgen, Atria, Cerecin, Cooltech, Ctrl M, Allergan, Biohaven, GSK, Lundbeck, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Impel, Satsuma, Theranica, WL Gore, Nocira, Perfood, Praxis, AYYA Biosciences, Revance; honoraria—Vector Psychometric Group, Clinical Care Solutions, CME Outfitters, Curry Rockefeller Group, DeepBench, Global Access Meetings, KLJ Associates, Academy for Continued Healthcare Learning, Majallin LLC, Medlogix Communications, MJH Lifesciences, Miller Medical Communications, WebMD Health/Medscape, Wolters Kluwer, Oxford University Press, Cambridge University Press; research support—Department of Defense, National Institutes of Health, Henry Jackson Foundation, Sperling Foundation, American Migraine Foundation, Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI); stock options/shareholder/patents/board of directors—Ctrl M (options), Aural analytics (options), ExSano (options), Palion (options), Healint (options), Theranica (options), Second Opinion/Mobile Health (options), Epien (options/board), Nocira (options), Matterhorn (shares/board), Ontologics (Shares/Board), King‐Devick Technologies (options/board), Precon Health (options/board), AYYA Biosciences (options); patent 17189376.1‐1466:vTitle: Botulinum Toxin Dosage Regimen for Chronic Migraine Prophylaxis. A.P.L. is a paid consultant to Agios Pharmaceuticals (Cambridge, MA, USA), Biomarin Pharmaceuticals (Novato, CA, USA), and Moncton MRI (Moncton, Canada). He is the co‐founder of BrainSpec, Inc. J.L.C. has provided consultation to Acadia, Alkahest, AriBio, Avanir, Axsome, Behren Therapeutics, Biogen, Cassava, Cerecin, Cerevel, Cortexyme, EIP Pharma, Eisai, GemVax, Genentech, Green Valley, Grifols, Janssen, Jazz, Karuna, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Otsuka, ReMYND, Resverlogix, Roche, Samumed, Samus, Signant Health, Sunovion, Suven, United Neuroscience, and Unlearn AI pharmaceutical and assessment companies. He owns the copyright of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. E.M.R is a compensated scientific advisor for Alkahest, Alzheon, Aural Analytics, Denali, Green Valley, Retromer Therapeutics, and Vaxxinity, and a co‐founder of ALZPath. R.A.S. is a paid consultant to Biogen (Cambridge, MA, USA). He is a member of the Board of Directors of King‐Devick Technologies, Inc. (Chicago, IL, USA), and he receives royalties for published neuropsychological tests from Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc. (Lutz, FL, USA). He is a member of the Medical Science Committee for the National Collegiate Athletic Association Student‐Athlete Concussion Injury Litigation. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Author disclosures are available in the supporting information . Journal of Neuro‐Ophthalmology Funding Information: This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (U01NS093334; P30AG072978; R01NS078337; K23NS102399; P30AG019610; K01AG054762; R01NS100952). This publication was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through BU-CTSI Grant Number 1UL1TR001430. The primary funding source is the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), through a U01 Research Project Cooperative Agreement (U01NS093334). Funding Information: This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (U01NS093334; P30AG072978; R01NS078337; K23NS102399; P30AG019610; K01AG054762; R01NS100952). This publication was supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, through BU‐CTSI Grant Number 1UL1TR001430. The primary funding source is the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), through a U01 Research Project Cooperative Agreement (U01NS093334). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 the Alzheimer's Association.",
year = "2023",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1002/alz.12779",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "19",
pages = "1260--1273",
journal = "Alzheimer's and Dementia",
issn = "1552-5260",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "4",
}