TY - JOUR
T1 - Vitamin D is associated with testosterone and hypogonadism in Chinese men
T2 - Results from a cross-sectional SPECT-China study
AU - Wang, Ningjian
AU - Han, Bing
AU - Li, Qin
AU - Chen, Yi
AU - Chen, Yingchao
AU - Xia, Fangzhen
AU - Lin, Dongping
AU - Jensen, Michael D.
AU - Lu, Yingli
N1 - Funding Information:
No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. The authors thank Chunfang Zhu, Xiaoqi Pu, Zhen Cang, Chaoxia Zhu, Meng Lu, Ying Meng, Hui Guo, and Chi Chen for collecting data and Weiping Tu, Bin Li and Ling Hu for organizing this investigation. Language editing was performed by a distinguished professional service (http://www.aje.com/). The authors thank all of the team members and the participants from Shanghai, Zhejiang Province and Jiangxi Province in the SPECT-China study. This study was supported, in part, by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers 81270885 and 81070677); Clinical Potential Subject Construction of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (grant number 2014); the Ministry of Science and Technology in China (grant number 2012CB524906); the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (grant number 14495810700); and funds for outstanding academic leaders in Shanghai (grant number 12XD1403100). All of the funding sources played no role in the design, analysis or writing of this article.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Wang et al.
PY - 2015/7/16
Y1 - 2015/7/16
N2 - Background: To date, no study has explored the association between androgen levels and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in Chinese men. We aimed to investigate the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and total and free testosterone (T), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), estradiol, and hypogonadism in Chinese men. Methods: Our data, which were based on the population, were collected from 16 sites in East China. There were 2,854 men enrolled in the study, with a mean (SD) age of 53.0 (13.5) years. Hypogonadism was defined as total T <11.3 nmol/L or free T <22.56 pmol/L. The 25(OH)D, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, total T, estradiol and SHBG were measured using chemiluminescence and free T by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay. The associations between 25(OH)D and reproductive hormones and hypogonadism were analyzed using linear regression and binary logistic regression analyses, respectively. Results: A total of 713 (25.0 %) men had hypogonadism with significantly lower 25(OH)D levels but greater BMI and HOMA-IR. Using linear regression, after fully adjusting for age, residence area, economic status, smoking, BMI, HOMA-IR, diabetes and systolic pressure, 25(OH)D was associated with total T and estradiol (P < 0.05). In the logistic regression analyses, increased quartiles of 25(OH)D were associated with significantly decreased odds ratios of hypogonadism (P for trend <0.01). This association, which was considerably attenuated by BMI and HOMA-IR, persisted in the fully adjusted model (P for trend <0.01) in which for the lowest compared with the highest quartile of 25(OH)D, the odds ratio of hypogonadism was 1.50 (95 % CI, 1.14, 1.97). Conclusions: A lower vitamin D level was associated with a higher prevalence of hypogonadism in Chinese men. This association might, in part, be explained by adiposity and insulin resistance and warrants additional investigation.
AB - Background: To date, no study has explored the association between androgen levels and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in Chinese men. We aimed to investigate the relationship between 25(OH)D levels and total and free testosterone (T), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), estradiol, and hypogonadism in Chinese men. Methods: Our data, which were based on the population, were collected from 16 sites in East China. There were 2,854 men enrolled in the study, with a mean (SD) age of 53.0 (13.5) years. Hypogonadism was defined as total T <11.3 nmol/L or free T <22.56 pmol/L. The 25(OH)D, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, total T, estradiol and SHBG were measured using chemiluminescence and free T by enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay. The associations between 25(OH)D and reproductive hormones and hypogonadism were analyzed using linear regression and binary logistic regression analyses, respectively. Results: A total of 713 (25.0 %) men had hypogonadism with significantly lower 25(OH)D levels but greater BMI and HOMA-IR. Using linear regression, after fully adjusting for age, residence area, economic status, smoking, BMI, HOMA-IR, diabetes and systolic pressure, 25(OH)D was associated with total T and estradiol (P < 0.05). In the logistic regression analyses, increased quartiles of 25(OH)D were associated with significantly decreased odds ratios of hypogonadism (P for trend <0.01). This association, which was considerably attenuated by BMI and HOMA-IR, persisted in the fully adjusted model (P for trend <0.01) in which for the lowest compared with the highest quartile of 25(OH)D, the odds ratio of hypogonadism was 1.50 (95 % CI, 1.14, 1.97). Conclusions: A lower vitamin D level was associated with a higher prevalence of hypogonadism in Chinese men. This association might, in part, be explained by adiposity and insulin resistance and warrants additional investigation.
KW - Hypogonadism
KW - Men
KW - Testosterone
KW - Vitamin D
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U2 - 10.1186/s12958-015-0068-2
DO - 10.1186/s12958-015-0068-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 26177638
AN - SCOPUS:84938825617
SN - 1477-7827
VL - 13
JO - Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
JF - Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
IS - 1
M1 - 74
ER -