TY - JOUR
T1 - Treatment of Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD)
AU - Trinidade, Aaron
AU - Cabreira, Verónica
AU - Kaski, Diego
AU - Goebel, Joel
AU - Staab, Jeffrey
AU - Popkirov, Stoyan
AU - Stone, Jon
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2023/9
Y1 - 2023/9
N2 - Purpose of Review: When persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) entered the diagnostic nomenclature in 2017, treatment options were adopted from its predecessors, including use of vestibular rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Individualised treatment may require additional interventions to cover the full range of precipitating and perpetuating factors and medical and psychiatric comorbidities associated with PPPD. This article aims to review available and emerging treatment strategies for this prevalent functional neurological disorder and provides practical recommendations for personalising therapy. Recent Findings: As our knowledge of the underlying causes of PPPD continues to grow, evidence for the best treatment approach is still limited but accumulating. Vestibular rehabilitation, cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), and serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alone or in combination, can be beneficial with similar treatment effects in reducing dizziness handicap scores. Newer treatments that have been explored include self-help programmes of vestibular exercises, virtual reality, and electrical stimulation therapies. Summary: For individuals with PPPD, vestibular rehabilitation, CBT, and medication, and ideally for many patients a combination of more than one of these, can assist in breaking a cycle of maladaptive balance control that reinforces patient symptoms. Further evidence from larger randomised controlled studies with longer follow-up periods is needed.
AB - Purpose of Review: When persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) entered the diagnostic nomenclature in 2017, treatment options were adopted from its predecessors, including use of vestibular rehabilitation, psychotherapy, and serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Individualised treatment may require additional interventions to cover the full range of precipitating and perpetuating factors and medical and psychiatric comorbidities associated with PPPD. This article aims to review available and emerging treatment strategies for this prevalent functional neurological disorder and provides practical recommendations for personalising therapy. Recent Findings: As our knowledge of the underlying causes of PPPD continues to grow, evidence for the best treatment approach is still limited but accumulating. Vestibular rehabilitation, cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), and serotonin reuptake inhibitors, alone or in combination, can be beneficial with similar treatment effects in reducing dizziness handicap scores. Newer treatments that have been explored include self-help programmes of vestibular exercises, virtual reality, and electrical stimulation therapies. Summary: For individuals with PPPD, vestibular rehabilitation, CBT, and medication, and ideally for many patients a combination of more than one of these, can assist in breaking a cycle of maladaptive balance control that reinforces patient symptoms. Further evidence from larger randomised controlled studies with longer follow-up periods is needed.
KW - Cognitive behavioural therapy
KW - PPPD
KW - Persistent postural-perceptual dizziness
KW - Serotonin reuptake inhibitors
KW - Treatment
KW - Vestibular rehabilitation
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U2 - 10.1007/s11940-023-00761-8
DO - 10.1007/s11940-023-00761-8
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85168347455
SN - 1092-8480
VL - 25
SP - 281
EP - 306
JO - Current Treatment Options in Neurology
JF - Current Treatment Options in Neurology
IS - 9
ER -