TY - JOUR
T1 - Treatment of neuromyelitis optica
T2 - Review and recommendations
AU - Kimbrough, Dorlan J.
AU - Fujihara, Kazuo
AU - Jacob, Anu
AU - Lana-Peixoto, Marco A.
AU - Isabel Leite, Maria
AU - Levy, Michael
AU - Marignier, Romain
AU - Nakashima, Ichiro
AU - Palace, Jacqueline
AU - De Seze, Jrme
AU - Stuve, Olaf
AU - Tenembaum, Silvia N.
AU - Traboulsee, Anthony
AU - Waubant, Emmanuelle
AU - Weinshenker, Brian G.
AU - Wingerchuk, Dean M.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Stüve is a recipient of a Doris Duke Clinical Scientist Development Award. Work related to this study was supported by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Grant #: 2009036 .
PY - 2012/10
Y1 - 2012/10
N2 - Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease preferentially targeting the optic nerves and spinal cord. Once regarded as a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS), NMO is now recognized to be a different disease with unique pathology and immunopathogenesis that does not respond to traditional MS immunomodulators such as interferons. Preventive therapy in NMO has focused on a range of immunosuppressive medications, none of which have been validated in a rigorous randomized trial. However, multiple retrospective and a few recent prospective studies have provided evidence for the use of six medications for the prevention of NMO exacerbations: azathioprine, rituximab, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisone, methotrexate and mitoxantrone. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of each of these medications in NMO and concludes with a set of recommended consensus practices.
AB - Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease preferentially targeting the optic nerves and spinal cord. Once regarded as a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS), NMO is now recognized to be a different disease with unique pathology and immunopathogenesis that does not respond to traditional MS immunomodulators such as interferons. Preventive therapy in NMO has focused on a range of immunosuppressive medications, none of which have been validated in a rigorous randomized trial. However, multiple retrospective and a few recent prospective studies have provided evidence for the use of six medications for the prevention of NMO exacerbations: azathioprine, rituximab, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisone, methotrexate and mitoxantrone. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of each of these medications in NMO and concludes with a set of recommended consensus practices.
KW - Aquaporin 4
KW - Immunosuppression
KW - NMO treatment
KW - Neuromyelitis optica
KW - Optic neuritis
KW - Transverse myelitis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84865262140&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84865262140&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.msard.2012.06.002
DO - 10.1016/j.msard.2012.06.002
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84865262140
SN - 2211-0348
VL - 1
SP - 180
EP - 187
JO - Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
JF - Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
IS - 4
ER -