@article{47ec8b0a560d49bd9e7aca5ae7499f66,
title = "The impact of sample processing on inflammatory markers in serum: Lessons learned",
abstract = "Objectives: To investigate the effect of sample handling on inflammatory cytokines in serum and highlight challenges with using samples pre-collected from biobanks for biomarker research. Methods: Cytokine concentrations (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFα, and IFNγ) were measured in serum samples of 205 patients with bipoldar disorder (BD) from the Mayo Clinic Bipolar Disorder Biobank and 205 non-psychiatric controls from the Mayo Clinic Biobank. As cytokine concentrations varied by recruitment site, post-hoc models were used to test the effect of clinical variables and pre-processing time on cytokines. To evaluate the effect of pre-processing time experimentally, cytokines were assayed in serum and plasma from 6 healthy volunteers processed at different time points. Results: Cytokine levels were significantly higher in the BD group. However, both cytokine levels and pre-processing times differed by recruitment site, and post-hoc analyses revealed that pre-processing time was significantly associated with several cytokines. An experiment using samples from healthy volunteers confirmed that concentrations for most cytokines increased with longer pre-processing times. Conclusions: Delays in processing influence cytokine concentrations in blood samples. Given the increasing use of biobanks in research, this study highlights the need to carefully evaluate sample collection and handling methods when designing biomarker studies.",
keywords = "Biobanking, bipolar disorder, blood processing time, inflammation",
author = "Pan, {Alexander Y.} and Euijung Ryu and Geske, {Jennifer R.} and Zhou, {Xinyang Y.} and McElroy, {Susan L.} and Cicek, {Mine S.} and Frye, {Mark A.} and Biernacka, {Joanna M.} and Andreazza, {Ana C.}",
note = "Funding Information: Ana C. Andreazza was funded by CIHR (#MOP133439) and Neuroscience Catalyst (#497355). This research project was funded by the University of Toronto Neuroscience Catalyst Program (#497355) and CIHR (#MOP133439). None. Funding Information: Dr. Mark A. Frye has received compensation from Assurex Health, Myriad, Actify Neurotherapies, Intra-Cellular Therapies Inc., Janssen, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Neuralstem Inc., Otsuka American Pharmaceutical, Sunovion, and Teva Pharmaceuticals. Dr. McElroy is a consultant to or member of the scientific advisory boards of Allergan, Avanir, Bracket, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma America, Myriad, Shire, and Sunovion. She is a principal or co-investigator on studies sponsored by the Allergan, Avanir, Brainsway, Marriott Foundation, Myriad, Neurocrine, Novo Nordisk, Shire, and Sunovion. She is also an inventor on United States Patent No. 6,323,236 B2, Use of Sulfamate Derivatives for Treating Impulse Control Disorders, and along with the patent's assignee, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, has received payments from Johnson & Johnson, which has exclusive rights under the patent. Dr. Andreazza is a member of the scientific advisory board of Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment Innovation, Massachusetts General Hospital. She is the Scientific Director of The Canada Mitochondrial Network ( www.mitonet.ca ). The authors have no other conflicts of interest to disclose. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019, {\textcopyright} 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.",
year = "2020",
month = mar,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1080/15622975.2019.1696474",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "21",
pages = "230--237",
journal = "World Journal of Biological Psychiatry",
issn = "1562-2975",
publisher = "Informa Healthcare",
number = "3",
}