@article{e51f31d1cebd4705b22dcbd58f540df7,
title = "The immunobiology of muscle",
abstract = "Skeletal muscle can be both the site and target of immune reactions. Here, Reinhard Hohlfeld and Andrew Engel consider the role of muscle as an immunological microenvironment and discuss the immunological properties of human muscle cells. Furthermore, they provide a brief overview of autoimmune diseases of muscle and of other conditions in which intramuscular immune reactions play a role. Finally, they discuss the immunological problems of novel gene therapies that rely on muscle cells as vehicles for gene transfer.",
author = "Reinhard Hohlfeld and Engel, {Andrew G.}",
note = "Funding Information: ment of v,tientsw ith many diseasesn, ot only those 23 NakanoS, . andE ngel, A.G(.1 993N) evrology 43, 47-55 thatd irectlyin volvem uscle. 1167-1172 24 Dalakas, M.C. (1991)NEengwl. J. Med. 325,1 487-1498 We thankK erstinW eberf or her assistance in preparing 25 EngelA, .G., HohlfeldR,. andB anker, B.Q. (199in4 ) the figuresT. his work was supported by grants from Myology. the (2nde dn)( EngelA, .G. andF ranzini-ArmstronCg.,, Deutsche Forschungsgemein(sScFhBa2 f1t 7,C13), theM ax eds), pp. 1335-1383, McGraw-Hill Book Company Planck Societayn, dt he Wilhelm Sander Stiftung (Ran.Hd. ), 26 Emslie-SmitAh.,M . and EngeAl,. G. (1990A) nn. Neurol. by NIH grantN S-6277and a grant from the Muscular2 7,343-356 Dystrophy Associat(iAon.G .E.). 27 Kissel, J.T., Mendell, J.aRn. dR ammohaKn.,W . (1986) New Engl. ]. Med. 314,? ~1 -334 28 EngelA, .G. and Ar-.natKa., (1986H) um. Pathol. 17, 704-721 29 Karpati, v,., PouliYo.t ,a ndC arpenteSr,. (1988A) nn. Neurol. ~3 , 64-72 30 Emslie-SmitAh.,, ArahataK, . andE ngel, A.G(.1 989) Hum. Pathol. 20, 224-231 31 Engel,A .G. andA rahataK, . (1984A) nn. Neurol. 16, 209-215",
year = "1994",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1016/0167-5699(94)90006-X",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "15",
pages = "269--274",
journal = "Immunology Today",
issn = "0167-5699",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
number = "6",
}