TY - JOUR
T1 - The human gut microbiome in critical illness
T2 - disruptions, consequences, and therapeutic frontiers
AU - Sung, Jaeyun
AU - Rajendraprasad, Sanu S.
AU - Philbrick, Kemuel L.
AU - Bauer, Brent A.
AU - Gajic, Ognjen
AU - Shah, Aditya
AU - Laudanski, Krzysztof
AU - Bakken, Johan S.
AU - Skalski, Joseph
AU - Karnatovskaia, Lioudmila V.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s)
PY - 2024/2
Y1 - 2024/2
N2 - With approximately 39 trillion cells and over 20 million genes, the human gut microbiome plays an integral role in both health and disease. Modern living has brought a widespread use of processed food and beverages, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory drugs, and invasive procedures, all of which profoundly disrupt the delicate homeostasis between the host and its microbiome. Of particular interest is the human gut microbiome, which is progressively being recognized as an important contributing factor in many aspects of critical illness, from predisposition to recovery. Herein, we describe the current understanding of the adverse impacts of standard intensive care interventions on the human gut microbiome and delve into how these microbial alterations can influence patient outcomes. Additionally, we explore the potential association between the gut microbiome and post-intensive care syndrome, shedding light on a previously underappreciated avenue that may enhance patient recuperation following critical illness. There is an impending need for future epidemiological studies to encompass detailed phenotypic analyses of gut microbiome perturbations. Interventions aimed at restoring the gut microbiome represent a promising therapeutic frontier in the quest to prevent and treat critical illnesses.
AB - With approximately 39 trillion cells and over 20 million genes, the human gut microbiome plays an integral role in both health and disease. Modern living has brought a widespread use of processed food and beverages, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory drugs, and invasive procedures, all of which profoundly disrupt the delicate homeostasis between the host and its microbiome. Of particular interest is the human gut microbiome, which is progressively being recognized as an important contributing factor in many aspects of critical illness, from predisposition to recovery. Herein, we describe the current understanding of the adverse impacts of standard intensive care interventions on the human gut microbiome and delve into how these microbial alterations can influence patient outcomes. Additionally, we explore the potential association between the gut microbiome and post-intensive care syndrome, shedding light on a previously underappreciated avenue that may enhance patient recuperation following critical illness. There is an impending need for future epidemiological studies to encompass detailed phenotypic analyses of gut microbiome perturbations. Interventions aimed at restoring the gut microbiome represent a promising therapeutic frontier in the quest to prevent and treat critical illnesses.
KW - Critical illness
KW - Dysbiosis
KW - Fermented foods
KW - Gut
KW - Microbiome
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85171986606&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85171986606&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jcrc.2023.154436
DO - 10.1016/j.jcrc.2023.154436
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37769422
AN - SCOPUS:85171986606
SN - 0883-9441
VL - 79
JO - Journal of Critical Care
JF - Journal of Critical Care
M1 - 154436
ER -