Restricted Omicron-specific cross-variant memory B-cell immunity after a 3rd dose/booster of monovalent Wuhan-Hu-1-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccine

Iana H. Haralambieva; Jonathon M. Monroe; Inna G. Ovsyannikova; Nathaniel D. Warner; Diane E. Grill; Gregory A. Poland; Richard B. Kennedy

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.032

Restricted Omicron-specific cross-variant memory B-cell immunity after a 3rd dose/booster of monovalent Wuhan-Hu-1-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccine

Iana H. Haralambieva, Jonathon M. Monroe, Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Nathaniel D. Warner, Diane E. Grill, Gregory A. Poland, Richard B. Kennedy

General Internal Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The responsiveness/cross-binding of vaccine-induced memory B cells/MBCs to previous and emerging divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants (e.g., Omicron) is understudied. In this longitudinal study subjects receiving two or three doses of monovalent ancestral strain-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were evaluated. In contrast to others, we observed significantly lower frequencies of MBCs reactive to the receptor-binding domain/RBD, the N-terminal domain/NTD, and the S1 of Omicron/BA.1, compared to Wuhan and Delta, even after a 3rd vaccine dose/booster. Our study is a proof of concept that MBC cross-reactivity to variants with greater sequence divergence from the vaccine strain may be overestimated and suggests that these variants may exhibit immune escape with reduced recognition by circulating pre-existing MBCs upon infection.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	912-917
Number of pages	6
Journal	Vaccine
Volume	42
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.032
State	Published - Feb 6 2024

Keywords

Antibodies, neutralizing
B cells
COVID-19
Humoral immune responses
Immunological memory
SARS-CoV-2
Vaccine
Variants of concern

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Molecular Medicine
General Immunology and Microbiology
General Veterinary
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Infectious Diseases

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10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.032

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title = "Restricted Omicron-specific cross-variant memory B-cell immunity after a 3rd dose/booster of monovalent Wuhan-Hu-1-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccine",

abstract = "The responsiveness/cross-binding of vaccine-induced memory B cells/MBCs to previous and emerging divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants (e.g., Omicron) is understudied. In this longitudinal study subjects receiving two or three doses of monovalent ancestral strain-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were evaluated. In contrast to others, we observed significantly lower frequencies of MBCs reactive to the receptor-binding domain/RBD, the N-terminal domain/NTD, and the S1 of Omicron/BA.1, compared to Wuhan and Delta, even after a 3rd vaccine dose/booster. Our study is a proof of concept that MBC cross-reactivity to variants with greater sequence divergence from the vaccine strain may be overestimated and suggests that these variants may exhibit immune escape with reduced recognition by circulating pre-existing MBCs upon infection.",

keywords = "Antibodies, neutralizing, B cells, COVID-19, Humoral immune responses, Immunological memory, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccine, Variants of concern",

author = "Haralambieva, {Iana H.} and Monroe, {Jonathon M.} and Ovsyannikova, {Inna G.} and Warner, {Nathaniel D.} and Grill, {Diane E.} and Poland, {Gregory A.} and Kennedy, {Richard B.}",

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doi = "10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.032",

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AU - Haralambieva, Iana H.

AU - Monroe, Jonathon M.

AU - Ovsyannikova, Inna G.

AU - Warner, Nathaniel D.

AU - Grill, Diane E.

AU - Poland, Gregory A.

AU - Kennedy, Richard B.

PY - 2024/2/6

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AB - The responsiveness/cross-binding of vaccine-induced memory B cells/MBCs to previous and emerging divergent SARS-CoV-2 variants (e.g., Omicron) is understudied. In this longitudinal study subjects receiving two or three doses of monovalent ancestral strain-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccine were evaluated. In contrast to others, we observed significantly lower frequencies of MBCs reactive to the receptor-binding domain/RBD, the N-terminal domain/NTD, and the S1 of Omicron/BA.1, compared to Wuhan and Delta, even after a 3rd vaccine dose/booster. Our study is a proof of concept that MBC cross-reactivity to variants with greater sequence divergence from the vaccine strain may be overestimated and suggests that these variants may exhibit immune escape with reduced recognition by circulating pre-existing MBCs upon infection.

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Restricted Omicron-specific cross-variant memory B-cell immunity after a 3rd dose/booster of monovalent Wuhan-Hu-1-containing COVID-19 mRNA vaccine

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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