TY - JOUR
T1 - Reference Intervals for Bone Impact Microindentation in Healthy Adults
T2 - A Multi-Centre International Study
AU - Rufus-Membere, Pamela
AU - Holloway-Kew, Kara L.
AU - Diez-Perez, Adolfo
AU - Appelman-Dijkstra, Natasha M.
AU - Bouxsein, Mary L.
AU - Eriksen, Erik F.
AU - Farr, Joshua N.
AU - Khosla, Sundeep
AU - Kotowicz, Mark A.
AU - Nogues, Xavier
AU - Rubin, Mishaela
AU - Pasco, Julie A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - Impact microindentation (IMI) is a novel technique for assessing bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo, by measuring the depth of a micron-sized, spherical tip into cortical bone that is then indexed to the depth of the tip into a reference material. The aim of this study was to define the reference intervals for men and women by evaluating healthy adults from the United States of America, Europe and Australia. Participants included community-based volunteers and participants drawn from clinical and population-based studies. BMSi was measured on the tibial diaphysis using an OsteoProbe in 479 healthy adults (197 male and 282 female, ages 25 to 98 years) across seven research centres, between 2011 and 2018. Associations between BMSi, age, sex and areal bone mineral density (BMD) were examined following an a posteriori method. Unitless BMSi values ranged from 48 to 101. The mean (± standard deviation) BMSi for men was 84.4 ± 6.9 and for women, 79.0 ± 9.1. Healthy reference intervals for BMSi were identified as 71.0 to 97.9 for men and 59.8 to 95.2 for women. This study provides healthy reference data that can be used to calculate T- and Z-scores for BMSi and assist in determining the utility of BMSi in fracture prediction. These data will be useful for positioning individuals within the population and for identifying those with BMSi at the extremes of the population.
AB - Impact microindentation (IMI) is a novel technique for assessing bone material strength index (BMSi) in vivo, by measuring the depth of a micron-sized, spherical tip into cortical bone that is then indexed to the depth of the tip into a reference material. The aim of this study was to define the reference intervals for men and women by evaluating healthy adults from the United States of America, Europe and Australia. Participants included community-based volunteers and participants drawn from clinical and population-based studies. BMSi was measured on the tibial diaphysis using an OsteoProbe in 479 healthy adults (197 male and 282 female, ages 25 to 98 years) across seven research centres, between 2011 and 2018. Associations between BMSi, age, sex and areal bone mineral density (BMD) were examined following an a posteriori method. Unitless BMSi values ranged from 48 to 101. The mean (± standard deviation) BMSi for men was 84.4 ± 6.9 and for women, 79.0 ± 9.1. Healthy reference intervals for BMSi were identified as 71.0 to 97.9 for men and 59.8 to 95.2 for women. This study provides healthy reference data that can be used to calculate T- and Z-scores for BMSi and assist in determining the utility of BMSi in fracture prediction. These data will be useful for positioning individuals within the population and for identifying those with BMSi at the extremes of the population.
KW - Bone material strength index
KW - Impact microindentation
KW - Normative data
KW - Osteoporosis
KW - Reference interval
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U2 - 10.1007/s00223-022-01047-y
DO - 10.1007/s00223-022-01047-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 36729139
AN - SCOPUS:85147307043
SN - 0171-967X
VL - 112
SP - 338
EP - 349
JO - Calcified Tissue International
JF - Calcified Tissue International
IS - 3
ER -