TY - JOUR
T1 - Outcome prediction from post-injury resilience in patients with TBI
AU - Sima, Adam P.
AU - Yu, Hao
AU - Marwitz, Jennifer H.
AU - Kolakowsky-Hayner, Stephanie A.
AU - Felix, Elizabeth R.
AU - Bergquist, Thomas F.
AU - Whiteneck, Gale
AU - Kreutzer, Jeffrey S.
AU - Johnson-Greene, Douglas
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Psychological Association.
PY - 2019/8
Y1 - 2019/8
N2 - Purpose/Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the extent to which 1- and 2-year outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are predicted by resilience. Research Method/Design: This was an observational, longitudinal study of persons (n = 158) with moderate or severe TBI who completed both 1- and 2-year outcome assessments. Outcomes included anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale), substance misuse, and return-to-work measures. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was used to assess resilience at 3 or 6 months after injury. Results: Greater resilience predicted less anxiety, depression, and substance use and better satisfaction with life and return to work at 1 year after injury for both adjusted and unadjusted models. Standardized regression coefficients were all greater than 0.38 for continuous outcomes, whereas odds ratios were 1.34 and 0.81 for the return to work and substance misuse outcomes, respectively (p < .05). Similar but weaker trends were found at 2 years after injury, with statistical significance no longer met for all outcomes. Conclusions/Implications: Resilience was shown to have predictive ability for outcomes at 1 and 2 years after TBI. Resilience appears to be a salient and important variable for long-term outcomes in person with TBI after adjusting for injury and demographic characteristics.
AB - Purpose/Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the extent to which 1- and 2-year outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are predicted by resilience. Research Method/Design: This was an observational, longitudinal study of persons (n = 158) with moderate or severe TBI who completed both 1- and 2-year outcome assessments. Outcomes included anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale), substance misuse, and return-to-work measures. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was used to assess resilience at 3 or 6 months after injury. Results: Greater resilience predicted less anxiety, depression, and substance use and better satisfaction with life and return to work at 1 year after injury for both adjusted and unadjusted models. Standardized regression coefficients were all greater than 0.38 for continuous outcomes, whereas odds ratios were 1.34 and 0.81 for the return to work and substance misuse outcomes, respectively (p < .05). Similar but weaker trends were found at 2 years after injury, with statistical significance no longer met for all outcomes. Conclusions/Implications: Resilience was shown to have predictive ability for outcomes at 1 and 2 years after TBI. Resilience appears to be a salient and important variable for long-term outcomes in person with TBI after adjusting for injury and demographic characteristics.
KW - Anxiety
KW - Depressive symptoms
KW - Resilience traumatic brain injury
KW - Return to work
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U2 - 10.1037/rep0000263
DO - 10.1037/rep0000263
M3 - Article
C2 - 30973246
AN - SCOPUS:85064446558
SN - 0090-5550
VL - 64
SP - 320
EP - 327
JO - Rehabilitation Psychology
JF - Rehabilitation Psychology
IS - 3
ER -