Natural history of cavernous malformations of the brain

Cavernous malformations of the brain are a subgroup of vascular malformations that can be asymptomatic or that can manifest with hemorrhage, seizures, or focal neurological deficits. Since the advent of magnetic resonance imaging, they are readily detectable and are diagnosed with increasing frequency. Understanding the natural history of cavernous malformations represents the first critical step in choosing the most appropriate treatment for patients. This article reviews the current literature on the natural history of cavernous malformations of the brain, including the rates of hemorrhage and seizures associated with these lesions. Potential risk factors for hemorrhage are also discussed. 2002, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.