TY - JOUR
T1 - Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering multiple myeloma
AU - Kyle, Robert A.
AU - Rajkumar, S. Vincent
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgment Supported in part by research grants CA 62242 and CA107476 by the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
PY - 2010/4
Y1 - 2010/4
N2 - Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is characterized by the presence of a serum monoclonal (M) protein level less than 3 g/dL, less than 10% clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, and the absence of hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, or bone lesions attributable to a clonal plasma cell disorder. Patients may be tested for a monoclonal gammopathy by serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation, and the free light chain (FLC) assay. The prevalence of MGUS is 3% for persons more than 50 years of age and 5% in those more than 70 years of age. The risk of progression to multiple myeloma or a related disorder is 1% per year. The size and type of M protein, the number of bone marrow plasma cells, and the results of the FLC ratio are independent risk factors for progression. Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is a more advanced premalignant phase than MGUS and is characterized by more than 3 g/dL of serum M protein, more than 10% clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, or both, with no evidence of end-organ damage.
AB - Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is characterized by the presence of a serum monoclonal (M) protein level less than 3 g/dL, less than 10% clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, and the absence of hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, or bone lesions attributable to a clonal plasma cell disorder. Patients may be tested for a monoclonal gammopathy by serum protein electrophoresis, immunofixation, and the free light chain (FLC) assay. The prevalence of MGUS is 3% for persons more than 50 years of age and 5% in those more than 70 years of age. The risk of progression to multiple myeloma or a related disorder is 1% per year. The size and type of M protein, the number of bone marrow plasma cells, and the results of the FLC ratio are independent risk factors for progression. Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is a more advanced premalignant phase than MGUS and is characterized by more than 3 g/dL of serum M protein, more than 10% clonal plasma cells in the bone marrow, or both, with no evidence of end-organ damage.
KW - Plasma cell disorders
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U2 - 10.1007/s11899-010-0047-9
DO - 10.1007/s11899-010-0047-9
M3 - Review article
C2 - 20425398
AN - SCOPUS:77954623319
SN - 1558-8211
VL - 5
SP - 62
EP - 69
JO - Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports
JF - Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports
IS - 2
ER -