TY - JOUR
T1 - Mesenchymal Stem Cells
T2 - New Approaches for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases
AU - Momin, Eric N.
AU - Mohyeldin, Ahmed
AU - Zaidi, Hasan A.
AU - Vela, Guillermo
AU - Quiñones-Hinojosa, Alfredo
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - Cellular therapies represent a new frontier in the treatment of neurological disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can be harvested from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood, among many other sources, possess several qualities which may be used to treat diseases of the central nervous system. MSCs migrate to sites of malignancy, a property which may be used for the treatment of brain cancer. MSCs possess immunosuppressive properties, which may be used for the treatment of neurological disorders with an inflammatory etiology. Finally, MSCs restore injured neural tissue, a property which may be used for the treatment of neural injury. Approximately 23 clinical trials have been completed to date, with many more ongoing, and all have been listed in this review. The long-term safety of MSC-based therapies is not well established, and continues to be one major limitation to clinical translation. More broadly, only a small minority of clinical trials have employed rigorous designs that include prospective randomization, patients from multiple centers, clinically-relevant and reproducible endpoints, and adequate long-term follow-up. These limitations must be addressed before MSCs can enter widespread clinical use. Nevertheless, MSCs represent a promising new approach to treating diseases of the central nervous system that are traditionally associated with morbid outcomes. With additional pre-clinical and clinical studies that focus on their potential benefits as well as dangers, MSCs may one day find translation to clinical use in the setting of neurological disease.
AB - Cellular therapies represent a new frontier in the treatment of neurological disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can be harvested from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord blood, among many other sources, possess several qualities which may be used to treat diseases of the central nervous system. MSCs migrate to sites of malignancy, a property which may be used for the treatment of brain cancer. MSCs possess immunosuppressive properties, which may be used for the treatment of neurological disorders with an inflammatory etiology. Finally, MSCs restore injured neural tissue, a property which may be used for the treatment of neural injury. Approximately 23 clinical trials have been completed to date, with many more ongoing, and all have been listed in this review. The long-term safety of MSC-based therapies is not well established, and continues to be one major limitation to clinical translation. More broadly, only a small minority of clinical trials have employed rigorous designs that include prospective randomization, patients from multiple centers, clinically-relevant and reproducible endpoints, and adequate long-term follow-up. These limitations must be addressed before MSCs can enter widespread clinical use. Nevertheless, MSCs represent a promising new approach to treating diseases of the central nervous system that are traditionally associated with morbid outcomes. With additional pre-clinical and clinical studies that focus on their potential benefits as well as dangers, MSCs may one day find translation to clinical use in the setting of neurological disease.
KW - Alzheimer disease
KW - Brain neoplasms
KW - Cell transplantation
KW - Clinical trial
KW - Mesenchymal stem cells
KW - Nervous system diseases
KW - Parkinson disease
KW - Stroke
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=78649984948&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=78649984948&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2174/157488810793351631
DO - 10.2174/157488810793351631
M3 - Review article
C2 - 20528757
AN - SCOPUS:78649984948
SN - 1574-888X
VL - 5
SP - 326
EP - 344
JO - Current Stem Cell Research and Therapy
JF - Current Stem Cell Research and Therapy
IS - 4
ER -