Mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy

Purpose of review: Diabetes results in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy, a primary cardiac disease characterized pathologically by cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis, and hemodynamically by impaired cardiac relaxation progressing to overt contractile failure. Despite the overwhelming incidence of diabetes, diabetic cardiomyopathy still remains a poorly understood disorder for which no established cause or specific treatment exists. Recent findings: Recent data in animal models of diabetes, as well as studies examining the role of metabolism in regulating myocardial phenotype, suggest that derangements in glucose metabolism and lipid transport may directly alter cardiac structure and function. In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Summary: Recent findings will allow for greater insight into the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy and allow for the development of novel therapeutic targets.