TY - JOUR
T1 - Mapping sars-cov-2 antibody epitopes in covid-19 patients with a multi-coronavirus protein microarray
AU - Camerini, David
AU - Randall, Arlo Z.
AU - Trappl-Kimmons, Krista
AU - Oberai, Amit
AU - Hung, Christopher
AU - Edgar, Joshua
AU - Shandling, Adam
AU - Huynh, Vu
AU - Teng, Andy A.
AU - Hermanson, Gary
AU - Pablo, Jozelyn V.
AU - Stumpf, Megan M.
AU - Lester, Sandra N.
AU - Harcourt, Jennifer
AU - Tamin, Azaibi
AU - Rasheed, Mohammed
AU - Thornburg, Natalie J.
AU - Satheshkumar, Panayampalli S.
AU - Liang, Xiaowu
AU - Kennedy, Richard B.
AU - Yee, Angela
AU - Townsend, ichael
AU - Campo, Joseph J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - The rapid worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 has accelerated research and development for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. A multi-coronavirus protein microarray was created containing full-length proteins, overlapping protein fragments of various lengths, and peptide libraries from SARS-CoV-2 and four other human coronaviruses. Sera from confirmed COVID-19 patients as well as unexposed individuals were applied to multicoronavirus arrays to identify specific antibody reactivity. High-level IgG, IgM, and IgA reactivity to structural proteins S, M, and N of SARS-CoV-2, as well as accessory proteins such as ORF3a and ORF7a, were observed that were specific to COVID-19 patients. Antibody reactivity against overlapping 100-, 50-, and 30-amino acid fragments of SARS-CoV-2 proteins was used to identify antigenic regions. Numerous proteins of SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and the endemic human coronaviruses HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-OC43 were also more reactive with IgG, IgM, and IgA in COVID-19 patient sera than in unexposed control sera, providing further evidence of immunologic cross-reactivity between these viruses. Whereas unexposed individuals had minimal reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 proteins that poorly correlated with reactivity against HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-OC43 S2 and N proteins, COVID-19 patient sera had higher correlation between SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV responses, suggesting that de novo antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 cross-react with HCoV epitopes. Array responses were compared with validated spike protein-specific IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), showing agreement between orthologous methods. SARS-CoV-2 microneutralization titers were low in the COVID-19 patient sera but correlated with array responses against S and N proteins. The multi-coronavirus protein microarray is a useful tool for mapping antibody reactivity in COVID-19 patients.
AB - The rapid worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 has accelerated research and development for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. A multi-coronavirus protein microarray was created containing full-length proteins, overlapping protein fragments of various lengths, and peptide libraries from SARS-CoV-2 and four other human coronaviruses. Sera from confirmed COVID-19 patients as well as unexposed individuals were applied to multicoronavirus arrays to identify specific antibody reactivity. High-level IgG, IgM, and IgA reactivity to structural proteins S, M, and N of SARS-CoV-2, as well as accessory proteins such as ORF3a and ORF7a, were observed that were specific to COVID-19 patients. Antibody reactivity against overlapping 100-, 50-, and 30-amino acid fragments of SARS-CoV-2 proteins was used to identify antigenic regions. Numerous proteins of SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and the endemic human coronaviruses HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-OC43 were also more reactive with IgG, IgM, and IgA in COVID-19 patient sera than in unexposed control sera, providing further evidence of immunologic cross-reactivity between these viruses. Whereas unexposed individuals had minimal reactivity against SARS-CoV-2 proteins that poorly correlated with reactivity against HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-OC43 S2 and N proteins, COVID-19 patient sera had higher correlation between SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV responses, suggesting that de novo antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 cross-react with HCoV epitopes. Array responses were compared with validated spike protein-specific IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), showing agreement between orthologous methods. SARS-CoV-2 microneutralization titers were low in the COVID-19 patient sera but correlated with array responses against S and N proteins. The multi-coronavirus protein microarray is a useful tool for mapping antibody reactivity in COVID-19 patients.
KW - Antibody binding sites
KW - COVID-19
KW - HCoV
KW - SARS-CoV-2
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85119174217&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85119174217&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1128/Spectrum.01416-21
DO - 10.1128/Spectrum.01416-21
M3 - Article
C2 - 34704808
AN - SCOPUS:85119174217
SN - 2165-0497
VL - 9
JO - Microbiology Spectrum
JF - Microbiology Spectrum
IS - 2
M1 - e01416-21
ER -