TY - JOUR
T1 - Insights from the NHLBI-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study. Part II
T2 - Gender differences in presentation, diagnosis, and outcome with regard to gender-based pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and macrovascular and microvascular coronary disease
AU - Bairey Merz, C. Noel
AU - Shaw, Leslee J.
AU - Reis, Steven E.
AU - Bittner, Vera
AU - Kelsey, Sheryl F.
AU - Olson, Marian
AU - Johnson, B. Delia
AU - Pepine, Carl J.
AU - Mankad, Sunil
AU - Sharaf, Barry L.
AU - Rogers, William J.
AU - Pohost, Gerald M.
AU - Lerman, Amir
AU - Quyyumi, Arshed A.
AU - Sopko, George
PY - 2006/2/7
Y1 - 2006/2/7
N2 - Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death and disability in the U.S., but recent advances have not led to declines in case fatality rates for women. The current review highlights gender-specific issues in ischemic heart disease (IHD) presentation, evaluation, and outcomes with a special focus on the results derived from the National Institutes of Health-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study. In the second part of this review, we will assess new evidence on gender-based differences in vascular wall or metabolic alterations, atherosclerotic plaque deposition, and functional expression on worsening outcomes of women. Additionally, innovative cardiovascular imaging techniques will be discussed. Finally, we identify critical areas of further inquiry needed to advance this new gender-specific IHD understanding into improved outcomes for women.
AB - Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death and disability in the U.S., but recent advances have not led to declines in case fatality rates for women. The current review highlights gender-specific issues in ischemic heart disease (IHD) presentation, evaluation, and outcomes with a special focus on the results derived from the National Institutes of Health-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study. In the second part of this review, we will assess new evidence on gender-based differences in vascular wall or metabolic alterations, atherosclerotic plaque deposition, and functional expression on worsening outcomes of women. Additionally, innovative cardiovascular imaging techniques will be discussed. Finally, we identify critical areas of further inquiry needed to advance this new gender-specific IHD understanding into improved outcomes for women.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=31644449009&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=31644449009&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jacc.2004.12.084
DO - 10.1016/j.jacc.2004.12.084
M3 - Review article
C2 - 16458167
AN - SCOPUS:31644449009
SN - 0735-1097
VL - 47
SP - S21-S29
JO - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
JF - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
IS - 3 SUPPL.
ER -