TY - JOUR
T1 - Follicular lymphoma presenting with hypercalcaemia
T2 - An unusual mechanism of hypercalcaemia
AU - Martens, P.
AU - Addissie, B.
AU - Kumar, R.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Acta Clinica Belgica 2015.
PY - 2015/6
Y1 - 2015/6
N2 - Hypercalcaemia is a frequent finding in patients with cancer. In up to 30% of malignancies, the disease course is complicated with hypercalcaemia. For hospitalized patients, cancer is the most common cause of hypercalcaemia. In normal physiological circumstances, the ionized calcium is kept in check by the influence of two important hormones, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D). However, cancer can misbalance the calcium homeostasis by generating certain humoural mediators. Overproduction of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTH-rp), intact PTH, 1,25(OH)2D, and cytokines all cause hypercalcaemia. Hypercalcaemia is frequent in certain haematological cancers such as multiple myeloma and aggressive lymphomas. But hypercalcaemia is rare in patients with indolent lymphomas such follicular lymphoma. This case illustrates as a first to our knowledge the involvement of cytokines and chemokines in the pathophysiology of lymphoma-related hypercalcaemia. A pathophysio-logical mechanism is offered based upon the current understanding of cytokines and chemokines related to follicular lymphoma.
AB - Hypercalcaemia is a frequent finding in patients with cancer. In up to 30% of malignancies, the disease course is complicated with hypercalcaemia. For hospitalized patients, cancer is the most common cause of hypercalcaemia. In normal physiological circumstances, the ionized calcium is kept in check by the influence of two important hormones, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D). However, cancer can misbalance the calcium homeostasis by generating certain humoural mediators. Overproduction of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTH-rp), intact PTH, 1,25(OH)2D, and cytokines all cause hypercalcaemia. Hypercalcaemia is frequent in certain haematological cancers such as multiple myeloma and aggressive lymphomas. But hypercalcaemia is rare in patients with indolent lymphomas such follicular lymphoma. This case illustrates as a first to our knowledge the involvement of cytokines and chemokines in the pathophysiology of lymphoma-related hypercalcaemia. A pathophysio-logical mechanism is offered based upon the current understanding of cytokines and chemokines related to follicular lymphoma.
KW - Hypercalcaemia
KW - Indolent lymphoma
KW - Pathophysiology
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U2 - 10.1179/2295333714Y.0000000106
DO - 10.1179/2295333714Y.0000000106
M3 - Article
C2 - 25475431
AN - SCOPUS:84942739944
SN - 1784-3286
VL - 70
SP - 200
EP - 203
JO - Acta Clinica Belgica: International Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine
JF - Acta Clinica Belgica: International Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine
IS - 3
ER -