TY - JOUR
T1 - Ethnic differences in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality by physical activity levels among older adults in the US
AU - Vásquez, Elizabeth
AU - Sahakyan, Karine
AU - Batsis, John A.
AU - Germain, Cassandra
AU - Somers, Virend K.
AU - Shaw, Benjamin A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2018/1/2
Y1 - 2018/1/2
N2 - Aims: This study sought to determine whether the association between varying levels of physical activity (PA) and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality differ by race/ethnicity in older adults. Methods: The sample comprised 2520 women and 2398 men drawn from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988–1994) aged ≥ 60 years. We used the metabolic equivalent (MET) of self-reported PA levels to define activity groups (inactive: those who did not report any PA; active: those who reported 3–6 METs for ≥5 times/week or >6 METs, ≥3 times/week; insufficiently active: those meeting neither criteria). Racial/Ethnic differences were modeled using proportional hazard regression (HR) adjusting for age, education, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. Results: Among those classified as inactive, Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) (HR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.58–0.90) and Mexican Americans (HR: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.45–0.78) had a lower risk of all-cause mortality when compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). Among those classified as insufficiently active, Mexican Americans (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.51–0.77), but not NHB (HR: 0.81, (95% CI: 0.64–1.02) had a lower risk of all-cause mortality when compared to NHWs Similar results were observed for cardiovascular mortality. Conclusion: Overall, PA in the elderly (either insufficient or active) is associated with a lower all-cause mortality across all race/ethnic groups as compared to NHW. Further investigation, including studies with larger sample, is needed to address the health consequences of varying degrees of PA in ethnically diverse populations.
AB - Aims: This study sought to determine whether the association between varying levels of physical activity (PA) and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality differ by race/ethnicity in older adults. Methods: The sample comprised 2520 women and 2398 men drawn from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III (1988–1994) aged ≥ 60 years. We used the metabolic equivalent (MET) of self-reported PA levels to define activity groups (inactive: those who did not report any PA; active: those who reported 3–6 METs for ≥5 times/week or >6 METs, ≥3 times/week; insufficiently active: those meeting neither criteria). Racial/Ethnic differences were modeled using proportional hazard regression (HR) adjusting for age, education, smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. Results: Among those classified as inactive, Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) (HR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.58–0.90) and Mexican Americans (HR: 0.59, 95%CI: 0.45–0.78) had a lower risk of all-cause mortality when compared to non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). Among those classified as insufficiently active, Mexican Americans (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.51–0.77), but not NHB (HR: 0.81, (95% CI: 0.64–1.02) had a lower risk of all-cause mortality when compared to NHWs Similar results were observed for cardiovascular mortality. Conclusion: Overall, PA in the elderly (either insufficient or active) is associated with a lower all-cause mortality across all race/ethnic groups as compared to NHW. Further investigation, including studies with larger sample, is needed to address the health consequences of varying degrees of PA in ethnically diverse populations.
KW - Ethnicity
KW - mortality
KW - physical activity
KW - race
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U2 - 10.1080/13557858.2016.1253830
DO - 10.1080/13557858.2016.1253830
M3 - Article
C2 - 27825247
AN - SCOPUS:84994860412
SN - 1355-7858
VL - 23
SP - 72
EP - 80
JO - Ethnicity and Health
JF - Ethnicity and Health
IS - 1
ER -