TY - JOUR
T1 - Electrical Neuromodulation of the Respiratory System After Spinal Cord Injury
AU - Hachmann, Jan T.
AU - Grahn, Peter J.
AU - Calvert, Jonathan S.
AU - Drubach, Dina I.
AU - Lee, Kendall H.
AU - Lavrov, Igor A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research
PY - 2017/9
Y1 - 2017/9
N2 - Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex and devastating condition characterized by disruption of descending, ascending, and intrinsic spinal circuitry resulting in chronic neurologic deficits. In addition to limb and trunk sensorimotor deficits, SCI can impair autonomic neurocircuitry such as the motor networks that support respiration and cough. High cervical SCI can cause complete respiratory paralysis, and even lower cervical or thoracic lesions commonly result in partial respiratory impairment. Although electrophrenic respiration can restore ventilator-independent breathing in select candidates, only a small subset of affected individuals can benefit from this technology at this moment. Over the past decades, spinal cord stimulation has shown promise for augmentation and recovery of neurologic function including motor control, cough, and breathing. The present review discusses the challenges and potentials of spinal cord stimulation for restoring respiratory function by overcoming some of the limitations of conventional respiratory functional electrical stimulation systems.
AB - Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex and devastating condition characterized by disruption of descending, ascending, and intrinsic spinal circuitry resulting in chronic neurologic deficits. In addition to limb and trunk sensorimotor deficits, SCI can impair autonomic neurocircuitry such as the motor networks that support respiration and cough. High cervical SCI can cause complete respiratory paralysis, and even lower cervical or thoracic lesions commonly result in partial respiratory impairment. Although electrophrenic respiration can restore ventilator-independent breathing in select candidates, only a small subset of affected individuals can benefit from this technology at this moment. Over the past decades, spinal cord stimulation has shown promise for augmentation and recovery of neurologic function including motor control, cough, and breathing. The present review discusses the challenges and potentials of spinal cord stimulation for restoring respiratory function by overcoming some of the limitations of conventional respiratory functional electrical stimulation systems.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.04.011
DO - 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.04.011
M3 - Review article
C2 - 28781176
AN - SCOPUS:85028034418
SN - 0025-6196
VL - 92
SP - 1401
EP - 1414
JO - Mayo Clinic proceedings
JF - Mayo Clinic proceedings
IS - 9
ER -