Duane syndrome associated with oculocutaneous albinism

A 5-year-old female presented with signs of Duane's retraction syndrome and oculocutaneous albinism. Duane's syndrome is associated with anomalous innervation of the lateral rectus by the oculomotor nerve. Oculocutaneous albinism is associated with an increased proportion of crossed retinal ganglion fibers at the chiasm. Because Duane's syndrome and oculocutaneous albinism are both examples of ocular miswiring, a common mechanism is suggested.