TY - JOUR
T1 - Diabetic Neuropathy
T2 - Pathophysiology Review
AU - Strand, Natalie
AU - Anderson, Meredith A.
AU - Attanti, Sumedha
AU - Gill, Benjamin
AU - Wie, Christopher
AU - Dawodu, Azizat
AU - Pagan-Rosado, Robert
AU - Harbell, Monica W.
AU - Maloney, Jillian A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Purpose of Review: Diabetic neuropathy is a debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus that affects millions of individuals worldwide. It is characterized by nerve damage resulting from prolonged exposure to high blood glucose levels. Diabetic neuropathy may cause a range of symptoms, including pain, numbness, muscle weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and foot ulcers, potentially causing significant impairment to the quality of life for those affected. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy. The etiology of diabetic neuropathy will be discussed, including risk factors, predisposing conditions, and an overview of the complex interplay between hyperglycemia, metabolic dysregulation, and nerve damage. Additionally, we will explore the molecular mechanisms and pathways of diabetic neuropathy, including the impact of hyperglycemia on nerve function, abnormalities in glucose metabolism, the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and inflammatory and immune-mediated processes. We will provide an overview of the various nerve fibers affected by diabetic neuropathy and explore the common symptoms and complications associated with diabetic neuropathy in the pain medicine field. Recent Findings: This review highlights advances in understanding the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy as well as reviews potential novel therapeutic strategies and promising areas for future research. Summary: In conclusion, this review article aims to shed light on the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy, its far-reaching consequences, and the evolving strategies for prevention and management. In understanding the mechanisms of diabetic neuropathy and the ongoing research in this area, healthcare professionals can better serve patients with diabetes, ultimately improving well-being and reducing complications.
AB - Purpose of Review: Diabetic neuropathy is a debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus that affects millions of individuals worldwide. It is characterized by nerve damage resulting from prolonged exposure to high blood glucose levels. Diabetic neuropathy may cause a range of symptoms, including pain, numbness, muscle weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and foot ulcers, potentially causing significant impairment to the quality of life for those affected. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy. The etiology of diabetic neuropathy will be discussed, including risk factors, predisposing conditions, and an overview of the complex interplay between hyperglycemia, metabolic dysregulation, and nerve damage. Additionally, we will explore the molecular mechanisms and pathways of diabetic neuropathy, including the impact of hyperglycemia on nerve function, abnormalities in glucose metabolism, the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and inflammatory and immune-mediated processes. We will provide an overview of the various nerve fibers affected by diabetic neuropathy and explore the common symptoms and complications associated with diabetic neuropathy in the pain medicine field. Recent Findings: This review highlights advances in understanding the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy as well as reviews potential novel therapeutic strategies and promising areas for future research. Summary: In conclusion, this review article aims to shed light on the pathophysiology of diabetic neuropathy, its far-reaching consequences, and the evolving strategies for prevention and management. In understanding the mechanisms of diabetic neuropathy and the ongoing research in this area, healthcare professionals can better serve patients with diabetes, ultimately improving well-being and reducing complications.
KW - Autonomic dysfunction
KW - Diabetes
KW - Neuropathy
KW - Painful neuropathy
KW - Peripheral neuropathy
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U2 - 10.1007/s11916-024-01243-5
DO - 10.1007/s11916-024-01243-5
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85189530512
SN - 1531-3433
JO - Current pain and headache reports
JF - Current pain and headache reports
ER -