Concurrent Schwannoma and Intraneural Ganglion Cyst Involving Branches of the Common Peroneal Nerve

Benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors are well known to neurosurgeons and a relatively commonly seen pathology. Intraneural ganglion cysts, once thought to be rare and poorly understood, are increasingly recognized in clinical practice and better understood based on the advent of high-resolution imaging. There are few reports of different nerve lesions in the same anatomic location appearing concurrently. Herein we present a patient with 2 distinct pathologies explaining 2 distinct symptom complexes—sensory changes in the superficial peroneal distribution (from a schwannoma of the superficial peroneal nerve) and mild motor weakness in the tibialis anterior (from an intraneural ganglion cyst arising from the superior tibiofibular joint affecting this motor branch). Recognition of the 2 pathologies allowed targeted surgical approaches, which led to resolution of the symptoms.