TY - JOUR
T1 - Complicated Grief
T2 - Risk Factors, Protective Factors, and Interventions
AU - Mason, Tina M.
AU - Tofthagen, Cindy S.
AU - Buck, Harleah G.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2020/4/2
Y1 - 2020/4/2
N2 - Complicated grief (CG) poses significant physical, psychological, and economic risks to bereaved family caregivers. An integrative review of the literature published 2009−2018 on CG associated with caregiving was performed using PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. The search returned 1428 articles, of which 32 were included in the review. Sixteen studies described risk and protective factors and 16 described interventions for CG. Caregiver-related risk factors included fewer years of education, depression, anxiety, poor physical health, and maladaptive dependency and attachment traits. Additional risk factors included lower perceived social support, family conflict at end-of-life, and family having difficulty accepting death. Care recipient-related risk factors are younger age, fear of death, and place of death. Protective factors included hospice utilization in reducing fear of death, high pre-bereavement spiritualty, and satisfaction with palliative care. Complicated grief treatment was the most widely-studied intervention. Social Workers and other clinicians can use this information to identify family caregivers at increased risk for CG and refer or implement an early intervention to lessen its impact.
AB - Complicated grief (CG) poses significant physical, psychological, and economic risks to bereaved family caregivers. An integrative review of the literature published 2009−2018 on CG associated with caregiving was performed using PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. The search returned 1428 articles, of which 32 were included in the review. Sixteen studies described risk and protective factors and 16 described interventions for CG. Caregiver-related risk factors included fewer years of education, depression, anxiety, poor physical health, and maladaptive dependency and attachment traits. Additional risk factors included lower perceived social support, family conflict at end-of-life, and family having difficulty accepting death. Care recipient-related risk factors are younger age, fear of death, and place of death. Protective factors included hospice utilization in reducing fear of death, high pre-bereavement spiritualty, and satisfaction with palliative care. Complicated grief treatment was the most widely-studied intervention. Social Workers and other clinicians can use this information to identify family caregivers at increased risk for CG and refer or implement an early intervention to lessen its impact.
KW - Bereavement
KW - caregiver
KW - prolonged grief
KW - systematic review
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85082700798&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85082700798&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/15524256.2020.1745726
DO - 10.1080/15524256.2020.1745726
M3 - Article
C2 - 32233740
AN - SCOPUS:85082700798
SN - 1552-4256
VL - 16
SP - 151
EP - 174
JO - Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life and Palliative Care
JF - Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life and Palliative Care
IS - 2
ER -