TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical cancer nanomedicine
AU - Wolfram, Joy
AU - Ferrari, Mauro
N1 - Funding Information:
Mauro Ferrari is the Ernest Cockrell Jr. Presidential Distinguished Chair at the Houston Methodist Research Institute. This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute Physical Sciences-Oncology Network of the National Institutes of Health , under award number U54CA210181 . The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. This work was also supported by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs, through the Breast Cancer Research Program , under award number W81XWH-17-1-0389 . Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the Department of Defense. Additionally, this work was supported by intramural funding from Mayo Clinic . The authors thank Dr. Piotr Godzinski, Director of the Office of Cancer Nanotechnology Research at the National Cancer Institute, for reviewing the manuscript and providing valuable comments.
Funding Information:
Mauro Ferrari is the Ernest Cockrell Jr. Presidential Distinguished Chair at the Houston Methodist Research Institute. This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute Physical Sciences-Oncology Network of the National Institutes of Health, under award number U54CA210181. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. This work was also supported by the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs, through the Breast Cancer Research Program, under award number W81XWH-17-1-0389. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the Department of Defense. Additionally, this work was supported by intramural funding from Mayo Clinic. The authors thank Dr. Piotr Godzinski, Director of the Office of Cancer Nanotechnology Research at the National Cancer Institute, for reviewing the manuscript and providing valuable comments.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/4
Y1 - 2019/4
N2 - Nanotechnology offers new solutions for the development of cancer therapeutics that display improved efficacy and safety. Although several nanotherapeutics have received clinical approval, the most promising nanotechnology applications for patients still lie ahead. Nanoparticles display unique transport, biological, optical, magnetic, electronic, and thermal properties that are not apparent on the molecular or macroscale, and can be utilized for therapeutic purposes. These characteristics arise because nanoparticles are in the same size range as the wavelength of light and display large surface area to volume ratios. The large size of nanoparticles compared to conventional chemotherapeutic agents or biological macromolecule drugs also enables incorporation of several supportive components in addition to active pharmaceutical ingredients. These components can facilitate solubilization, protection from degradation, sustained release, immunoevasion, tissue penetration, imaging, targeting, and triggered activation. Nanoparticles are also processed differently in the body compared to conventional drugs. Specifically, nanoparticles display unique hemodynamic properties and biodistribution profiles. Notably, the interactions that occur at the bio-nano interface can be exploited for improved drug delivery. This review discusses successful clinically approved cancer nanodrugs as well as promising candidates in the pipeline. These nanotherapeutics are categorized according to whether they predominantly exploit multifunctionality, unique electromagnetic properties, or distinct transport characteristics in the body. Moreover, future directions in nanomedicine such as companion diagnostics, strategies for modifying the microenvironment, spatiotemporal nanoparticle transitions, and the use of extracellular vesicles for drug delivery are also explored.
AB - Nanotechnology offers new solutions for the development of cancer therapeutics that display improved efficacy and safety. Although several nanotherapeutics have received clinical approval, the most promising nanotechnology applications for patients still lie ahead. Nanoparticles display unique transport, biological, optical, magnetic, electronic, and thermal properties that are not apparent on the molecular or macroscale, and can be utilized for therapeutic purposes. These characteristics arise because nanoparticles are in the same size range as the wavelength of light and display large surface area to volume ratios. The large size of nanoparticles compared to conventional chemotherapeutic agents or biological macromolecule drugs also enables incorporation of several supportive components in addition to active pharmaceutical ingredients. These components can facilitate solubilization, protection from degradation, sustained release, immunoevasion, tissue penetration, imaging, targeting, and triggered activation. Nanoparticles are also processed differently in the body compared to conventional drugs. Specifically, nanoparticles display unique hemodynamic properties and biodistribution profiles. Notably, the interactions that occur at the bio-nano interface can be exploited for improved drug delivery. This review discusses successful clinically approved cancer nanodrugs as well as promising candidates in the pipeline. These nanotherapeutics are categorized according to whether they predominantly exploit multifunctionality, unique electromagnetic properties, or distinct transport characteristics in the body. Moreover, future directions in nanomedicine such as companion diagnostics, strategies for modifying the microenvironment, spatiotemporal nanoparticle transitions, and the use of extracellular vesicles for drug delivery are also explored.
KW - Drug delivery
KW - Extracellular vesicle
KW - Multifunctional
KW - Nanomedicine
KW - Nanoparticle
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062357111&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85062357111&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.nantod.2019.02.005
DO - 10.1016/j.nantod.2019.02.005
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85062357111
SN - 1748-0132
VL - 25
SP - 85
EP - 98
JO - Nano Today
JF - Nano Today
ER -