@article{5d8e8e84d0d0445f9e6301361d2a34e6,
title = "Cigar and pipe smoking, smokeless tobacco use and pancreatic cancer: An analysis from the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4)",
abstract = "Background: Cigarette smoking is the best-characterized risk factor for pancreatic cancer. However, data are limited for other tobacco smoking products and smokeless tobacco. Materials and methods: We conducted a pooled analysis of cigar and pipe smoking and smokeless tobacco use and risk of pancreatic cancer using data from 11 case-control studies (6056 cases and 11 338 controls) within the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4). Pooled odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by unconditional multiple logistic regression models adjusted for study center and selected covariates. Results: Compared with never tobacco users, the OR for cigar-only smokers was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2-2.3), i.e. comparable to that of cigarette-only smokers (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.4-1.6). The OR was 1.1 (95% CI 0.69-1.6) for pipeonly smokers. There was some evidence of increasing risk with increasing amount of cigar smoked per day (OR 1.82 for ≥ 10 grams of tobacco), although not with duration. The OR for ever smokeless tobacco users as compared with never tobacco users was 0.98 (95% CI 0.75-1.3). Conclusion: This collaborative analysis provides evidence that cigar smoking is associated with an excess risk of pancreatic cancer, while no significant association emerged for pipe smoking and smokeless tobacco use.",
keywords = "Cigar, Pancreatic cancer, Pipe, Pooled analysis, Smokeless tobacco, Tobacco",
author = "P. Bertuccio and {La Vecchia}, C. and Silverman, {D. T.} and Petersen, {G. M.} and Bracci, {P. M.} and E. Negri and D. Li and Risch, {H. A.} and Olson, {S. H.} and S. Gallinger and Miller, {A. B.} and Bueno-de-Mesquita, {H. B.} and R. Talamini and J. Polesel and P. Ghadirian and Baghurst, {P. A.} and W. Zatonski and Fontham, {E. T.} and Bamlet, {W. R.} and Holly, {E. A.} and E. Lucenteforte and M. Hassan and H. Yu and Kurtz, {R. C.} and M. Cotterchio and J. Su and P. Maisonneuve and Duell, {E. J.} and C. Bosetti and P. Boffetta",
note = "Funding Information: The LSU study was supported by the Louisiana Board of Regents Millennium Trust Health Excellence Fund (Project 5: HEF 2000-05, Genetics Studies in the Acadian Population). The Pancreatic Cancer Family Registry at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) has been supported by the Prevention, Control, and Population Research Goldstein Award; the Society of MSKCC; and the Geoffrey Beene Cancer Research Fund. The NCI study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Health, NCI, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (contract numbers: N01-CP-51090, N01-CP-51089, N01-CP-51092, N01-CP-05225, N01-CP-31022, N01-CP-05227). The UCSF study work was supported in part by NCI grants (CA59706, CA108370, CA109767, CA89726, CA098889) (EAH, PI) and by the Rombauer Pancreatic Cancer Research Fund. Cancer incidence data collection in the UCSF study was supported by the California Department of Public Health, the NCI{\textquoteright}s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program contract N01-PC-35136 awarded to the Northern California Cancer Center. The Italian and Milan studies were supported by the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC). The Montreal investigation in the SEARCH study was supported by the Cancer Research Society; the Toronto contribution was supported by the NCI of Canada, and The Netherlands investigation was supported by the Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (formerly Welfare, Health and Culture). The Yale Connecticut Study was supported by NCI grant 5R01-CA098870 (HAR, PI). The cooperation of 30 Connecticut hospitals, including Stamford Hospital, in allowing patient access for the Yale Connecticut study is gratefully acknowledged. The Yale study was approved by the State of Connecticut Department of Public Health Human Investigation Committee. Certain data used in the Yale study were obtained from the Connecticut Tumor Registry in the Connecticut Department of Public Health. The authors assume full responsibility for analyses and interpretation of these data. Funding Information: The authors thank Mrs I. Garimoldi for editorial assistance. PB was supported by Environmental Cancer Risk, Nutrition and Individual Susceptibility (ECNIS—European Union, Sixth Framework Program [FP6] Network of Excellence).",
year = "2011",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1093/annonc/mdq613",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "22",
pages = "1420--1426",
journal = "Annals of Oncology",
issn = "0923-7534",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "6",
}