TY - JOUR
T1 - CAR-T cell Therapies for B-cell Lymphoid Malignancies
T2 - Identifying Targets Beyond CD19
AU - Vanegas, Yenny M.
AU - Mohty, Razan
AU - Gadd, Martha E.
AU - Luo, Yan
AU - Aljurf, Mahmoud
AU - Qin, Hong
AU - Kharfan-Dabaja, Mohamed A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic engineered receptors with an antigen recognition domain derived from a high-specificity monoclonal antibody that can target surface molecules on tumor cells. T cells are genetically engineered to express CARs, thereby harnessing the antigen-recognition ability of antibodies and effector function of T cells. Target surface molecule selection is crucial for manufacturing CARs. Ideally, a target surface molecule should be restricted to tumor cells and minimally expressed or absent on normal tissues. Different CD19-targeted CAR-T cell therapies have been approved for the treatment of B-cell lymphoid malignancies that are refractory to other therapies, including indolent and aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BALL). Despite impressive results, many patients with aggressive and refractory B-cell malignancies do not respond to or relapse after CD19 CAR-T cell therapies. Thus, several additional strategies are currently being evaluated to overcome these limitations. This review discusses studies on other promising CAR-T cell targets, including CD20, CD22, BAFF-R, ROR1, CD70, BCR complex, kappa/lambda light chains, multitargeted CAR-T cells, and combinations of CAR-T cell therapy with different drugs.
AB - Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are synthetic engineered receptors with an antigen recognition domain derived from a high-specificity monoclonal antibody that can target surface molecules on tumor cells. T cells are genetically engineered to express CARs, thereby harnessing the antigen-recognition ability of antibodies and effector function of T cells. Target surface molecule selection is crucial for manufacturing CARs. Ideally, a target surface molecule should be restricted to tumor cells and minimally expressed or absent on normal tissues. Different CD19-targeted CAR-T cell therapies have been approved for the treatment of B-cell lymphoid malignancies that are refractory to other therapies, including indolent and aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BALL). Despite impressive results, many patients with aggressive and refractory B-cell malignancies do not respond to or relapse after CD19 CAR-T cell therapies. Thus, several additional strategies are currently being evaluated to overcome these limitations. This review discusses studies on other promising CAR-T cell targets, including CD20, CD22, BAFF-R, ROR1, CD70, BCR complex, kappa/lambda light chains, multitargeted CAR-T cells, and combinations of CAR-T cell therapy with different drugs.
KW - CD19
KW - Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy
KW - Targets beyond CD19
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85163806713&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.56875/2589-0646.1026
DO - 10.56875/2589-0646.1026
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85163806713
SN - 1658-3876
VL - 15
SP - 81
EP - 93
JO - Hematology/ Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy
JF - Hematology/ Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy
IS - 3
ER -