TY - JOUR
T1 - Asthma and risk of breakthrough varicella infection in children
AU - Umaretiya, Puja J.
AU - Swanson, Jennifer B.
AU - Kwon, Hyo Jin
AU - Grose, Charles
AU - Lohse, Christine M.
AU - Juhn, Young J.
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by grants from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R21 AI101277) and Scholarly Clinician Award from Mayo Foundation. Supported by using the resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project, which is supported by the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health under Award R01AG034676 (PI: Rocca W., and Yawn BP)
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2016, OceanSide Publications, Inc., U.S.A.
PY - 2016/5/1
Y1 - 2016/5/1
N2 - Background: We recently reported a more rapid waning of vaccine-induced humoral immunity (measles vaccine) in children with asthma. It is unknown if asthma affects susceptibility to vaccine-preventable diseases. Objective: To determine whether asthma is associated with an increased risk of vaccine-preventable disease, e.g., breakthrough varicella infection. Methods: This was a retrospective population-based case-control study that examined cases of breakthrough varicella among children between 2005 and 2011. Children with a diagnosis of breakthrough varicella infection in Olmsted County, Minnesota (infection of >42 days after vaccination) between 2005 and 2011 and two age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled for each case. Asthma status was determined by using predetermined criteria. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate matched odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Of the 165 cases and their 330 matched controls, 48% were boys and the mean (standard deviation) age at the index date was 6.6 ± 3.5 years for both cases and controls. Of the 330 controls, 80 (24%) had two doses of the varicella vaccine compared with only 23 (14%) of the 165 cases (OR 0.29 [95% CI, 0.14-0.61]; p = 0.001). Children with a history of asthma ever had a higher risk of developing breakthrough varicella compared with those without a history of asthma (adjusted OR 1.63 [95% CI, 1.04-2.55]; p = 0.032) when adjusting for elapsed time since the first varicella vaccination and the number of varicella vaccine doses. Conclusions: A history of asthma might be an unrecognized risk factor for breakthrough varicella infection. Children with asthma should follow the two-dose varicella vaccine policy.
AB - Background: We recently reported a more rapid waning of vaccine-induced humoral immunity (measles vaccine) in children with asthma. It is unknown if asthma affects susceptibility to vaccine-preventable diseases. Objective: To determine whether asthma is associated with an increased risk of vaccine-preventable disease, e.g., breakthrough varicella infection. Methods: This was a retrospective population-based case-control study that examined cases of breakthrough varicella among children between 2005 and 2011. Children with a diagnosis of breakthrough varicella infection in Olmsted County, Minnesota (infection of >42 days after vaccination) between 2005 and 2011 and two age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled for each case. Asthma status was determined by using predetermined criteria. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate matched odds ratios (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Of the 165 cases and their 330 matched controls, 48% were boys and the mean (standard deviation) age at the index date was 6.6 ± 3.5 years for both cases and controls. Of the 330 controls, 80 (24%) had two doses of the varicella vaccine compared with only 23 (14%) of the 165 cases (OR 0.29 [95% CI, 0.14-0.61]; p = 0.001). Children with a history of asthma ever had a higher risk of developing breakthrough varicella compared with those without a history of asthma (adjusted OR 1.63 [95% CI, 1.04-2.55]; p = 0.032) when adjusting for elapsed time since the first varicella vaccination and the number of varicella vaccine doses. Conclusions: A history of asthma might be an unrecognized risk factor for breakthrough varicella infection. Children with asthma should follow the two-dose varicella vaccine policy.
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U2 - 10.2500/aap.2016.37.3951
DO - 10.2500/aap.2016.37.3951
M3 - Article
C2 - 27178889
AN - SCOPUS:84968547824
SN - 1088-5412
VL - 37
SP - 207
EP - 215
JO - Allergy and Asthma Proceedings
JF - Allergy and Asthma Proceedings
IS - 3
ER -