Aquablation Outcomes in Men With LUTS Due to BPH Following Single Versus Multi-pass Treatments

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether existing data support the use of multiple passes in Aquablation for LUTS due to BPH. METHODS: Data were obtained from 2sources. The WATER trial (NCT02505919) is a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of Aquablation vs TURP in prostate volumes of 30 - 80 ml. The WATER II trial (NCT03123250) is a prospective single-arm multicenter trial of Aquablation in prostate volumes of 80-150ml. The number of passes was determined by the procedural data collected and the video recordings of all study cases. RESULTS: In total, 127 Aquablation subjects underwent a single pass, 90 underwent multiple passes (80 had 2passes and 10 underwent 3passes), and 65 underwent TURP (in WATER only). Men undergoing 2or more passes with Aquablation had larger prostates but few differences in other baseline parameters, including prostate size range. Compared to a single pass, the use of 2or more passes during Aquablation resulted in lower IPSS scores (by ∼4 points, P = .0002) and lower IPSS QoL scores (by ∼0.7 points, P = .0096) at the later timepoints of 24 and 36 months. Similarly, 36-month Qmax values were higher (by ∼5 ml/sec, P = .0220) in those with 2or more passes than in those with 1pass. There was no statistically significant difference in ejaculatory dysfunction between groups. CONCLUSION: Independent of prostate volume, a multiple treatment pass protocol led to improved voiding outcomes and IPSS improvement.