Application of artificial intelligence frameworks in the clinical practice of neurology: recent advances and future directions

The influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on the practice of medicine is growing at a fast rate, and healthcare systems will need to champion emerging technological advances to support complex clinical decision-making, improve patient outcomes, and inform disease models. Here, we first review recent applications of AI to the field of clinical neurology with a strong emphasis on aging, dementia, and epilepsy. We then describe the major obstacles to the implementation of AI frameworks into healthcare systems, which include the necessary reliance on extensive information technology infrastructure and lack of widely adopted industry-wide standards. We concomitantly describe an integrated model for framing these challenges to facilitate the successful implementation of emerging technologies into the practice of clinical neurology, the ABC Knowledge Cycle.