TY - JOUR
T1 - Ablation Versus Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation in Racial and Ethnic Minorities
AU - CABANA Investigators
AU - Thomas, Kevin L.
AU - Al-Khalidi, Hussein R.
AU - Silverstein, Adam P.
AU - Monahan, Kristi H.
AU - Bahnson, Tristram D.
AU - Poole, Jeanne E.
AU - Mark, Daniel B.
AU - Packer, Douglas L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American College of Cardiology Foundation
PY - 2021/7/13
Y1 - 2021/7/13
N2 - Background: Rhythm control strategies for atrial fibrillation (AF), including catheter ablation, are substantially underused in racial/ethnic minorities in North America. Objectives: This study sought to describe outcomes in the CABANA trial as a function of race/ethnicity. Methods: CABANA randomized 2,204 symptomatic participants with AF to ablation or drug therapy including rate and/or rhythm control drugs. Only participants in North America were included in the present analysis, and participants were subgrouped as racial/ethnic minority or nonminority with the use of National Institutes of Health definitions. The primary endpoint was a composite of death, disabling stroke, serious bleeding, or cardiac arrest. Results: Of 1,280 participants enrolled in CABANA in North America, 127 (9.9%) were racial and ethnic minorities. Compared with nonminorities, racial and ethnic minorities were younger with median age 65.6 versus 68.5 years, respectively, and had more symptomatic heart failure (37.0% vs 22.0%), hypertension (92.1% vs 76.8%, respectively), and ejection fraction <40% (20.8% vs 7.1%). Racial/ethnic minorities treated with ablation had a 68% relative reduction in the primary endpoint (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13-0.78) and a 72% relative reduction in all-cause mortality (aHR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.10-0.79). Primary event rates in racial/ethnic minority and nonminority participants were similar in the ablation arm (4-year Kaplan-Meier event rates 12.3% vs 9.9%); however, racial and ethnic minorities randomized to drug therapy had a much higher event rate than nonminority participants (27.4% vs. 9.4%). Conclusion: Among racial or ethnic minorities enrolled in the North American CABANA cohort, catheter ablation significantly improved major clinical outcomes compared with drug therapy. These benefits, which were not seen in nonminority participants, appear to be due to worse outcomes with drug therapy. (Catheter Ablation vs Anti-arrhythmic Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation Trial [CABANA]; NCT00911508).
AB - Background: Rhythm control strategies for atrial fibrillation (AF), including catheter ablation, are substantially underused in racial/ethnic minorities in North America. Objectives: This study sought to describe outcomes in the CABANA trial as a function of race/ethnicity. Methods: CABANA randomized 2,204 symptomatic participants with AF to ablation or drug therapy including rate and/or rhythm control drugs. Only participants in North America were included in the present analysis, and participants were subgrouped as racial/ethnic minority or nonminority with the use of National Institutes of Health definitions. The primary endpoint was a composite of death, disabling stroke, serious bleeding, or cardiac arrest. Results: Of 1,280 participants enrolled in CABANA in North America, 127 (9.9%) were racial and ethnic minorities. Compared with nonminorities, racial and ethnic minorities were younger with median age 65.6 versus 68.5 years, respectively, and had more symptomatic heart failure (37.0% vs 22.0%), hypertension (92.1% vs 76.8%, respectively), and ejection fraction <40% (20.8% vs 7.1%). Racial/ethnic minorities treated with ablation had a 68% relative reduction in the primary endpoint (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.13-0.78) and a 72% relative reduction in all-cause mortality (aHR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.10-0.79). Primary event rates in racial/ethnic minority and nonminority participants were similar in the ablation arm (4-year Kaplan-Meier event rates 12.3% vs 9.9%); however, racial and ethnic minorities randomized to drug therapy had a much higher event rate than nonminority participants (27.4% vs. 9.4%). Conclusion: Among racial or ethnic minorities enrolled in the North American CABANA cohort, catheter ablation significantly improved major clinical outcomes compared with drug therapy. These benefits, which were not seen in nonminority participants, appear to be due to worse outcomes with drug therapy. (Catheter Ablation vs Anti-arrhythmic Drug Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation Trial [CABANA]; NCT00911508).
KW - atrial fibrillation
KW - catheter ablation
KW - minority race
KW - outcomes
KW - randomized trials
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.04.092
DO - 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.04.092
M3 - Article
C2 - 34238436
AN - SCOPUS:85108668602
SN - 0735-1097
VL - 78
SP - 126
EP - 138
JO - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
JF - Journal of the American College of Cardiology
IS - 2
ER -