TY - JOUR
T1 - Psychometric Properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Modified for Major Depressive Disorder in Adolescents
AU - Nandakumar, Aiswarya Laks
AU - Vande Voort, Jennifer L.
AU - Nakonezny, Paul A.
AU - Orth, Scott S.
AU - Romanowicz, Magdalena
AU - Sonmez, Ayse Irem
AU - Ward, Jessica A.
AU - Rackley, Sandra J.
AU - Huxsahl, John E.
AU - Croarkin, Paul E.
N1 - Funding Information:
Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under Award K23MH100266. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Funding Information:
P.E.C. has received research grant support from Pfizer, Inc., NIMH (K23 MH100266 and R01MH113700), the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation, and the Mayo Clinic Foundation. He has served as a site subprincipal or principal investigator (without additional compensation) for Eli Lilly and Co, Forest Laboratories, Inc., Merck & Co, Inc., and Pfizer, Inc.; has received equipment support from Neuronetics, Inc.; and receives supplies and genotyping services from Assurex Health, Inc., for an investigator-initiated study. He is the primary investigator for a multicenter study funded by Neuronetics, Inc. He is a site primary investigator for a study funded by NeoSync, Inc. All other authors have no disclosures.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2019 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Objectives: The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Modified (PHQ-9M) is a self-report tool used to assess the presence and severity of depressive symptoms in teenagers. Despite widespread use in primary care clinics and psychiatric settings, the PHQ-9M has not been validated nor are its psychometric properties adequately understood for the adolescent population. This study sought to examine the psychometrics of the PHQ-9M in treatment-seeking, depressed adolescents at a psychiatric psychopharmacology clinic who were concurrently assessed with the Children's Depression Rating Scale Revised (CDRS-R) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Adolescent (17-item) Self-Report (QIDS-A17-SR). Methods: Adolescents (N = 160) aged 13 through 18 years with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, determined on the basis of a clinical interview and semi-structured interview using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia - Present and Lifetime Version, were assessed for severity of depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9M, CDRS-R (adolescent interview only), and QIDS-A17-SR assessments at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks. Classical test theory analysis was used to evaluate the internal consistency and dimensionality of the PHQ-9M. Convergent validity was evaluated via intraclass correlations of the PHQ-9M with the CDRS-R and QIDS-A17-SR. Sensitivity to treatment response was also evaluated. Results: The internal consistency (Cronbach's coefficient α) at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks was 0.879, 0.859, and 0.827 for the PHQ-9M; 0.739, 0.835, and 0.867 for CDRS-R; and 0.712, 0.777, and 0.804 for QIDS-A17-SR, respectively. The PHQ-9M had moderate convergent validity with the CDRS-R but good convergent validity with the QIDS-A17-SR. The PHQ-9M was less sensitive to changes in symptom severity than the CDRS-R and QIDS-A17-SR. Conclusions: The PHQ-9M appears to be a valid and reliable assessment tool for the severity of depressive symptoms in a psychiatric clinic setting. However, its utility as a treatment outcome measure may be limited compared with other available rating scales.
AB - Objectives: The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Modified (PHQ-9M) is a self-report tool used to assess the presence and severity of depressive symptoms in teenagers. Despite widespread use in primary care clinics and psychiatric settings, the PHQ-9M has not been validated nor are its psychometric properties adequately understood for the adolescent population. This study sought to examine the psychometrics of the PHQ-9M in treatment-seeking, depressed adolescents at a psychiatric psychopharmacology clinic who were concurrently assessed with the Children's Depression Rating Scale Revised (CDRS-R) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Adolescent (17-item) Self-Report (QIDS-A17-SR). Methods: Adolescents (N = 160) aged 13 through 18 years with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, determined on the basis of a clinical interview and semi-structured interview using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia - Present and Lifetime Version, were assessed for severity of depressive symptoms with the PHQ-9M, CDRS-R (adolescent interview only), and QIDS-A17-SR assessments at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks. Classical test theory analysis was used to evaluate the internal consistency and dimensionality of the PHQ-9M. Convergent validity was evaluated via intraclass correlations of the PHQ-9M with the CDRS-R and QIDS-A17-SR. Sensitivity to treatment response was also evaluated. Results: The internal consistency (Cronbach's coefficient α) at baseline, 4, and 8 weeks was 0.879, 0.859, and 0.827 for the PHQ-9M; 0.739, 0.835, and 0.867 for CDRS-R; and 0.712, 0.777, and 0.804 for QIDS-A17-SR, respectively. The PHQ-9M had moderate convergent validity with the CDRS-R but good convergent validity with the QIDS-A17-SR. The PHQ-9M was less sensitive to changes in symptom severity than the CDRS-R and QIDS-A17-SR. Conclusions: The PHQ-9M appears to be a valid and reliable assessment tool for the severity of depressive symptoms in a psychiatric clinic setting. However, its utility as a treatment outcome measure may be limited compared with other available rating scales.
KW - CDRS-R
KW - PHQ-9M
KW - QIDS-A17-SR
KW - adolescent
KW - depression severity
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U2 - 10.1089/cap.2018.0112
DO - 10.1089/cap.2018.0112
M3 - Article
C2 - 30388048
AN - SCOPUS:85060525985
SN - 1044-5463
VL - 29
SP - 34
EP - 40
JO - Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
JF - Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology
IS - 1
ER -